Comoros

Each of the major islands of the Comoros has its own unique owl: the Anjouan Scops-owl (African Bird Club), the Grand Comoro (or Karthala) Scops-owl (BirdLife Int'l), and the Moheli Scops-owl (ARKive). Other birds found nowhere else include Humblot’s Sunbird (BirdQuest), the Moheli Brush Warbler (Biodiversity Comores), the Comoro Thrush (BirdQuest), the Comoro Bulbul (BirdQuest), the Grand Comoro Drongo (ARKive), and the Mount Karthala White-eye (IBC). Humblot's Flycatcher (BirdQuest) is an endemic genus.  The Moheli Bulbul Hypsipetes moheliensis (Avibase) has recently been recognized as a full species.

Bats restricted to the Comoros include Livingstone’s Flying Fox (Action Comores) and the Comoro Rousette (Action Comores). 

Endemic reptiles include the Comoro Flapnose Chameleon Furcifer cephalolepis (flickr), the Comoro Day Gecko Phelsuma comorensis (phelsumania), the snake-eyed skinks Cryptoblepharus mohelicus (Biodiversity Comores) and Cryptoblepharus ater (p. 3 of Miguel A. Carretero 4 MB pdf file), and a blind snake Typhlops comorensis (fig. 5d at ZooKeys) .

The African Coelacanth (ARKive) was long assumed to breed only in the Comoros, but there is increasing evidence of populations in deep canyons elsewhere in eastern Africa. Other endemic marine fish include a moray eel Gymnothorax hansi (fig. 4D on p. 6 of Rhodes Univ. pdf file), a sole Aseraggodes brevirostris (FishBase), the Comoro Cat Shark Scyliorhinus comoroensis (fig. 4A on p. 6 of Rhodes Univ. pdf file), and a combtooth blenny Mimoblennius cas (p. 22 of Smithsonian pdf file).

Butterflies known only from the Comoros include Charaxes nicati (Charaxes), Charaxes viossati (BOLD), Charaxes paradoxa (BOLD), Acraea comor (acraea.com), and two swallowtails: Papilio aristophontes (Papilionidae of the World) and Graphium levassori (NHM - London). Other endemic invertebrates include a stick insect Achrioptera griveaudi (p. 2 of IRD pdf file), a grasshopper Pissodogryllacris picea (SysTax), the longhorned beetles Sternotomis pupieri (Lamiaires du Monde) and Sternotomis lavassori (Lamiaires du Monde), two scarab beetles: Comencya mohelica (Hannetons) and Djadjoua viettei (Hannetons), a pholcid spider Spermophora lambilloni (fig. 25 on p. 5 of Pholcidae pdf file), and a jumping spider Veissella milloti (p. 17 of Peckham Soc. pdf file).

Orchids unique to the Comoros include Angraecum scottianum (Biodiversity Comores), Bulbophyllum comorianum (JSTOR), Jumellea comorensis (IOPSE), Jumellea pailleri (IngentaConnect), Aeranthes virginalis (flickr), and Vanilla humblotii (JSTOR). Endemic palms include Dypsis lanceolata (PACSOA), Ravenea hildebrandtii (PACSOA), and Ravenea moorei (PlantFiles). Additional plants found nowhere else include Polyscias felicis (JSTOR), Aloe alexandrei (PBase), Tambourissa comorensis (Plantes et botanique), Gyrostipula comorensis (JSTOR), Cyphostemma comorense (JSTOR), and Impatiens wibkeae (JSTOR).

The nation is included in the Comoros Forests ecoregion (EoE) and is part of the Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands biodiversity hotspot (Biodiversity Hotspots). The CBD Strategy and Action Plan can be found at (CBD pdf file).