French Guiana
Freshwater
fish unique
to French Guiana include the Yellow Phantom Tetra Hyphessobrycon roseus
(jjphoto.dk),
the Half-striped Penguin Tetra Thayeria
ifati (FishBase),
Hemigrammus
guyanensis (AquaVISie),
Moenkhausia
inrai (Nouragues),
a glass knifefish Rhabdolichops
jegui (MNHN
pdf file), the Golden-head Dwarf Cichlid Nannacara aureocephalus
(Cichlid
Room Companion), a killifish Rivulus gaucheri
(INRA
pdf file), a freshwater stingray Potamotrygon
marinae (FishBase),
and three catfish: Corydoras
approuaguensis
(PlanetCatfish),
Lithoxus
planquettei (PlanetCatfish),
and Guyanancistrus niger
(AGAANKOY).
The Snub-nose Snake Eel Kertomichthys
blastorhinos (Google
Books)
is the only member of a marine genus known by a single specimen taken
off French Guiana.
Amphibians found solely in French Guiana include the Central Coast
Stubfoot Frog Atelopus
franciscus (ARKive),
the Cayenne Stubfoot Toad Atelopus
flavescens (ARKive),
and a snouted treefrog Scinax
jolyi (Jean-Pierre
Vacher). Several recently described amphibian
species include a toad Rhinella
lescurei (Nouragues),
a white-lipped frog Leptodactylus
(or Adenomera)
heyeri (ejour-fup.unifi.it
pdf file), and a poison frog Colostethus
(or Allobates)
granti
(Phyllomedusa
pdf file).
The endemic reptiles include a false fer-de-lance Xenodon werneri (UMR
Ecofog) and the One-lined Worm Snake Typhlops (or Grypotyphlops) unilineatus (fig. A
in Biodiversity
Heritage Library).
The Cayenne Nightjar (BirdLife
Int'l) is known by a single specimen.
Insects exclusive to French Guiana include a swallowtail Parides vercingetorix
(Butterflies
of America), a hairstreak Strephonota bicolorata
(Butterflies
of America), a longwing Heliconius
lalitae (Butterflies
of America), a tiger moth Phaeomolis
tavakiliani
(Arctiidae
de Guyane Française), a hawk moth Manduca duquefi (BOLD),
the longhorned beetles Physopleurus
tritomicros
(Cerambycidae
de Guyane) and Parandra
sylvaini (galerie-insecte.org),
a ground beetle Eucheila
mirifica (Carabidae
of the World), a click beetle Platycrepidius interruptus
(EntomoService),
a masked chafer Cyclocephala
sardadebiae (EntomoService),
a dung beetle Dichotomius
luctuosus (Scarabaeinae
dung beetles), a cicada Orialella
aerizulae (EntomoService),
a lantern bug Odontoptera
toulgoeti (EntomoService),
the Weaver Wasp Nitela
constructor (CAS
pdf file), and a grasshopper Maculiparia
guyanensis
(OSF).
Other endemic invertebrates include the tarantulas Ephebopus rufescens
(Ondrej
Rehak) and Tapinauchenius
gigas
(Phong's
Tarantulas) and a centipede Schendylops tropicus
(CHILOBASE).
Among about 151 vascular plant species endemic to French Guiana are the
orchids Epidendrum
foulquieri (Richardiana),
Degranvillea
dermaptera (SOF),
Pleurothallis barthelemyi (Picasa),
Cochleanthes
guianensis (NYBG),
and Epidendrum
chauvetii (Orchidees.fr). Other endemic
plants include a passion flower Passiflora
vescoi (MNHN
pdf file), Disciphania
moriorum (NYBG),
Matelia gracieae
(NYBG),
Rhodostemonodaphne
saulensis (NYBG),
Psychotria
granvillei (UMR
Ecofog), Cremersia
platula (Genera
of Gesneriaceae), Bromelia
agavifolia (Herbier
de Guyane), a
palm Scheelea
(or Attalea)
maripensis
(Herbier
de Guyane), Guarea
michel-moddei (NYBG),
Tovomita
gazelii (MNHN
pdf file), and Anthurium
moonenii (Trésor
Rainforest).
Most of French Guiana is part of the Guianan Moist Forests terrestrial
ecoregion (EoE)
and the Guianas freshwater ecoregion (FEOW).
French Guiana is an overseas region of France.