Georgia

Among the 380 vascular plant species known only from Georgia are a grape hyacinth Muscari alpanicum (mobot), Iris winogradowii (mobot), Cyclamen abchasicum (mobot), Cyclamen colchicum (Kew), a pasqueflower Pulsatilla georgica (flickr), Allium candolleanum (mobot), Verbascum adzharicum (Ontario Rock Garden), Helleborus abchasicus (mobot), Betonica abchasica (mobot), a chamomile Anthemis zyghia (mobot), Kemulariella tugana (mobot), Scorzonera ketzkhoweli (mobot), two houseleeks Sempervivum sosnowskyi (mobot) and Sempervivum charadzeae (fernwood-nursery.co.uk), and three bellflowers: Campanula dzaaku (mobot), Campanula letschchumensis (Endemic Species of the Caucasus), and Campanula kolakovskyi (mobot).

Freshwater fish unique to Georgia include a loach Cobitis satunini (FishBase) and a bitterling Rhodeus colchicus (zin.ru pdf file). There is controversy over whether the only known specimens of the catfish Silurus chantrei (ACSI) came from the Kura River in Georgia or instead from the Tigris-Euphrates region.

Beetles restricted to Georgia include the ground beetles Lindrothius grandiceps (Carabidae of the World) and Carabus daphnis (Carabidae of the World), a soldier beetle Malthodes adjaricus (SZMN), and two leaf beetles: Longitarsus pubescens (Chrysomelidae of Europe) and Chrysolina adzharica (Chrysomelidae of Europe). Land snails unique to Georgia include Helix goderdziana (Ilia Chavchavadze State University pdf file), Euxinolauria sinangula (b-cabinet), and Acrotoma baryshnikovi (Ruthenica pdf file). Other endemic invertebrates include a wolf spider Pardosa alasaniensis (Caucasian Spiders), a root-maggot fly Phorbia acrophallosa (p. 13 of Diptera.info pdf file), a cave-dwelling millipede Ratcheuma excorne (IJS pdf file), and a cave-dwelling centipede Harpolithobius birsteini (IJS pdf file).

Georgia forms part of two biodiversity hotspots: the Caucasus (Biodiversity Hotspots) and the Irano-Anatolian (Biodiversity Hotspots).