Macedonia
One
freshwater fish Zingel balcanicus (flickr)
is known with certainty only from Macedonia, but may now be extinct (IUCN Red List).
The over 600 invertebrate species unique to Macedonia include a
butterfly, the Macedonian Grayling Pseudochazara
cingovskii (ARKive), a cicada Cicadetta macedonica
(European
Cicadas), a katydid Metrioptera
knipperi (SysTax),
a longhorned beetle Dorcadion
macedonicum (zin.ru),
a click beetle Athous csikii (Elateridae), a weevil Otiorhynchus
jakupicensis (Fauna
Europaea), the ground beetles Winklerites fodori (actazool.nhmus.hu
pdf file) and Calathus jakupicensis (NMNHS pdf file), a cave-dwelling round fungus beetle Ceuthophyes bukoviki
(Fauna
Europaea), a springtail Heteromurus
constantinellus (doiSerbia pdf file), the land snails Delima perstriata (AnimalBase) and Euxinella alpinella (ZooKeys) ,
a slug Tandonia
macedonica (AnimalBase),
a freshwater snail Horatia
macedonica (Fauna
Europaea), a cave-dwelling millipede Typhloiulus giganteus (doiSerbia pdf file), an isopod crustacean Macedonethes stankoi
(Senckenberg
pdf file), and an amphipod crustacean Niphargus jovanovici
(Niphargus).
Among over 100 endemic vascular plant species is the Feathered Salvia Salvia jurisicii (PlantFiles),
Mariana's Tulip Tulipa
marianae (WNS Stamps),
Tulipa scardica (Ferny
Creek Hort. Soc.), the Alsar Violet Viola
allchariensis (WNS Stamps),
Oehm's Thyme Thymus
oehmanianus (WNS Stamps),
Crocus scardicus
(rareplants.co.uk), Crocus cvijici (p. 42 of IUCN Cat SG 5 MB pdf file), Jurinea micevskii (Phytologia Balcanica pdf file), Helianthemum marmoreum (Botanica Serbica pdf file),
Helichrysum zivojinii
(WNS
Stamps), the Macedonian Saffron Colchicum
macedonicum (WNS Stamps), a dandelion Hieracium renatae (SEKJ pdf file), and a fern Asplenium macedonicum (p. 36 of IUCN Cat SG 5 MB pdf file).
Portions
of Macedonia are included in the Mediterranean Basin biodiversity hotspot
(Biodiversity
Hotspots).
For more information on endemic animals and plants of Macedonia
including checklists of endemic species see the "Country Study for
Biodiversity of the Republic of Macedonia" (moepp.gov.mk
7 MB pdf file). Especially important for unique freshwater species
is Lake Ohrid (Ohrid),
one of the world's oldest lakes.