Puerto Rico

Birds found nowhere else include the Puerto Rican Amazon (ARKive), the Puerto Rican Woodpecker (AvesPR.org), the Puerto Rican Tody (IBC), the Green Mango (El Yunque), the Puerto Rican Emerald (AvesPR.org), the Puerto Rican Lizard Cuckoo (Neotropical Birds), the Puerto Rican Nightjar (Neotropical Birds), the Elfin Woods Warbler (El Yunque), Adelaide's Warbler (Wikipedia), the Yellow-shouldered Blackbird (Puerto DRNA), the Puerto Rican Vireo (El Yunque), the Puerto Rican Spindalis (puertoricobirds.com), the Puerto Rican Loggerhead Kingbird (flickr), the Puerto Rican Oriole (Alfredo Colón), and the the Puerto Rican Bullfinch (Neotropical Birds). The Puerto Rican Tanager (El Yunque) is an endemic genus.

Reptiles unique to Puerto Rico include the Puerto Rican Boa (El Yunque), the Guanica Blindsnake (caribherp), the Mona Island Iguana (ARKive), the Puerto Rican Worm Lizard (El Yunque), the Puerto Rican Galliwasp (El Yunque), Nichols’ Dwarf Gecko (GGA), Roosevelt’s Dwarf Gecko (GGA), the Puerto Rican Blue-tailed Ameiva (Coalición Ventanas Verraco), the Puerto Rican Giant Anole (Puerto DRNA), the Emerald Anole (El Yunque), the Guanica Pallid Anole (caribherp), the Puerto Rican Twig Anole (El Yunque), and the Yellow-chinned Anole (National Geographic).

Amphibians restricted to Puerto Rico include the Puerto Rican Crested Toad (Crested Toad SSP), the Common Coqui (El Yunque), the Locust Coqui (Proyecto Coqui), the Wrinkled Coqui (El Yunque), the Forest Coqui (El Yunque), the Elfin Coqui (Proyecto Coqui), the Bronze Coqui (ARKive), the cave-dwelling Guajon Coqui (AmphibiaWeb), the Grass Coqui (El Yunque), the Mona Coqui (Proyecto Coqui), and the recently described Plains Coqui (ARKive). Several frogs may now be extinct including the Golden Coqui (Proyecto Coqui), the Web-footed Coqui (El Yunque), and the Mottled Coqui (El Yunque).

Marine fish known solely from Puerto Rico include the Puerto Rican Snake Eel Bascanichthys inopinatus (FishBase) and the Puerto Rico Coralbrotula Ogilbichthys puertoricoensis (FishBase). 

The mammals that were endemic to Puerto Rico are now all extinct including the Puerto Rican Plate-toothed Giant Hutia Elasmodontomys obliquus (AMNH) and the Puerto Rican Cave Rat Heteropsomys insulans (PubMed Central).

Insects exclusive to Puerto Rico include the Puerto Rican Harlequin (Liga Ecológica Quebradillana), the Puerto Rican Ringlet (Butterflies of Culebra), a ground beetle Antilliscaris megacephalus (El Yunque), a jewel beetle Taphrocerus elegans (Harvard), a longhorned beetle Elateropsis julio (Smithsonian), a katydid Borinquenula caritensis (OSF), a cicada Borencona aguadilla (AMNH), a walking stick Lamponius portoricensis (El Yunque), a bee Coelioxys spinosa (p. 9 of Florida OJ pdf file), and an ant Amblyopone falcata (AntWeb). Other endemic invertebrates include the Common Puerto Rican Brown Tarantula (El Yunque), a scorpion Heteronebo portoricensis (Mel J. Rivera), and the Puerto Rican Giant Millipede Rhinocricus parcus (Father Sanchez’s W.I. Natural History).

Molluscs found only in Puerto Rico include a marine snail Clavus johnsoni (Femorale) and several land snails including the Pointy Zachrysia Polydontes acutangula (flickr), the Puerto Rican Green Ear Snail Gaeotis nigrolineata (flickr), the One-color Lancetooth Haplotrema concolor (CESAR), the Conical Drop Stoastomops boriqueni (Mel J. Rivera), and Cerion striatellum (Cerion).

The over 200 endemic vascular plant species include the national flower, the Maga Thespesia grandiflora (El Yunque), the Palo de Jazmin (El Yunque), the Native Begonia (flickr), a cycad Zamia portoricensis (Cycad Pages), the Cedro Macho (IRC), the Puerto Rico Raintree (El Yunque), the Sebucan Leptocereus grantianus (fws.gov), the Puerto Rico Applecactus (Enciclopedia PR), the Luquillo Mountain Babyfoot Orchid (USFS), Krug's Peacock Orchid (IOPSE), the Mountain Love-in-the-mist (eol), the Aceitillo Falso (USDA), the Llume Palm (ARKive), the Almendrillo (El Yunque), the Violet Tree (CPC), Wheeler's Peperomia (CPC), the Matabuey (CPC), the Yerba Parrera (Gesneriad Reference Web), and the Higuero de Sierra (CPC). The Bejuco de Alambre Neorudolphia (Picasa) is an endemic genus.

Puerto Rico is a self-governing territory of the United States of America and includes the Puerto Rican Moist Forests (Wikipedia) and the Puerto Rican Dry Forests (WWF) and is part of the Caribbean Islands biodiversity hotspot (Biodiversity Hotspots).