Brazil
Checklist of Endemic Marine Fish Species
This list of marine fish species found exclusively in Brazil is based on the taxonomy used in FishBase 2004 (2004). For further details on possible inaccuracies in the list see Sources & Caveats.
FishBase 2004: a global information system on fishes. DVD. WorldFish Center - Philippine Office, Los Banos, Philippines. Published in May 2004.
The current version of this electronic database is accessible here.
OC = a FishBase occurrence record suggests a specimen from another country outside normal stated range (these vary widely in reliability from obvious misidentifications to being almost certainly correct)
Apogon americanus OC (Apogonidae) Brazilian Flamefish
Amphichthys rubigenis (Batrachoididae)
Porichthys kymosemeum (Batrachoididae)
Thalassophryne punctata (Batrachoididae)
Triathalassothia lambaloti (Batrachoididae)
Entomacrodus vomerinus OC (Blenniidae)
Emblemaria australis (Chaenopsidae)
Prognathodes brasiliensis (Chaetodontidae)
Prognathodes obliquus (Chaetodontidae) Oblique Butterflyfish
Symphurus kyaropterygium (Cynoglossidae)
Platygillellus brasiliensis (Dactyloscopidae)
Storrsia olsoni (Dactyloscopidae)
Dasyatis marianae (Dasyatidae)
Chilomycterus geometricus (Diodontidae)
Anchoa januaria (Engraulidae) Rio Anchovy
Anchoa pectoralis (Engraulidae) Bigfin Anchovy
Tomicodon australis (Gobiesocidae)
Akko dionaea (Gobiidae)
Elacatinus figaro (Gobiidae) Barber Goby
Gobionellus stomatus (Gobiidae)
Lythrypnus brasiliensis (Gobiidae)
Gramma brasiliensis (Grammatidae) Brazilian Basslet
Anisotremus moricandi (Haemulidae) Brownstriped Grunt
Haemulon schrankii OC (Haemulidae)
Haemulon squamipinna (Haemulidae)
Hyporhamphus kronei (Hemiramphidae)
Clepticus brasiliensis (Labridae)
Halichoeres brasiliensis (Labridae) Brazilian Wrasse
Tautogolabrus brandaonis (Labridae)
Thalassoma noronhanum (Labridae) Noronha Wrasse
Xyrichtys incandescens (Labridae)
Labrisomus cricota (Labrisomidae) Mock Blenny
Paraclinus arcanus (Labrisomidae)
Paraclinus rubicundus (Labrisomidae)
Paraclinus spectator (Labrisomidae)
Starksia brasiliensis (Labrisomidae)
Starksia multilepis (Labrisomidae)
Cerdale fasciata (Microdesmidae)
Ptereleotris randalli (Microdesmidae)
Rhinoptera brasiliensis (Myliobatidae) Ticon cownose ray
Asarcenchelys longimanus (Ophichthidae)
Bascanichthys paulensis OC (Ophichthidae)
Letharchus aliculatus OC (Ophichthidae)
Ophichthus brasiliensis (Ophichthidae)
Pseudomyrophis frio (Ophichthidae)
Opistognathus brasiliensis (Opistognathidae) Darkfin Jawfish
Opistognathus cuvieri (Opistognathidae) Bartail Jawfish
Pempheris schreineri (Pempheridae)
Peristedion altipinnis (Peristediidae)
Pseudopercis numida OC (Pinguipedidae) Namorado Sandperch
Chromis jubauna (Pomacentridae)
Stegastes pictus OC (Pomacentridae) Yellowtip Damselfish
Stegastes rocasensis (Pomacentridae) Rocas Gregory
Stegastes sanctipauli (Pomacentridae) Saint Paul's Gregory
Stegastes trindadensis (Pomacentridae) Trinadade Gregory
Stegastes uenfi (Pomacentridae)
Dipturus mennii (Rajidae)
Psammobatis extenta OC (Rajidae) Zipper Sand Skate
Zapteryx brevirostris (Rhinobatidae) Lesser Guitarfish
Scarus trispinosus (Scaridae) Greenback Parrotfish
Scarus zelindae (Scaridae) Striped Parrotfish
Sparisoma amplum (Scaridae) Reef Parrotfish
Sparisoma axillare (Scaridae) Gray Parrotfish
Sparisoma frondosum OC (Scaridae) Agassiz's Parrotfish
Stellifer brasiliensis (Sciaenidae)
Pontinus corallinus (Scorpaenidae)
Scorpaena petricola (Scorpaenidae)
Schroederichthys saurisqualus (Scyliorhinidae)
Anthias salmopunctatus (Serranidae)
Calamus mu (Sparidae) Flathead Porgy
Micrognathus erugatus (Syngnathidae)
Paratrachichthys atlanticus (Trachichthyidae)
Enneanectes smithi (Tripterygiidae)
Additional endemic marine fish species that were not included in FishBase 2004 are given below. This list is primarily based on information from the 13 March 2009 version of the Catalog of Fishes database (current version here) and includes species described through 2008. In addition to the 73 endemic marine fish species listed above, these additional 10 species total 83 species of marine fishes known solely from Brazil.
Membras dissimilis (Atherinopsidae)
Opsanus brasiliensis (Batrachoididae) 2005
Scartella poiti (Blenniidae) 2004
Dasyatis colarensis (Dasyatidae) 2004
Acyrtus pauciradiatus (Gobiesocidae) 2004
Elacatinus phthirophagus (Gobiidae) Noronha Cleaner Goby 2008
Elacatinus pridisi (Gobiidae) 2004
Halichoeres penrosei (Labridae)
Lutjanus alexandrei (Lutjanidae) Brazilian Snapper 2007
Sparisoma tuiupiranga (Scaridae) 2003